Automatic irrigation filters are an efficient solution to guarantee the proper functioning of an irrigation system and prolong the useful life of irrigation equipment.
These filters are responsible for removing particles and sediment from the water before they reach the irrigation emitters, which helps prevent clogging and reduce wear on irrigation system parts.
Automatic irrigation filters can be of different types depending on their filter element: mesh, rings or sand. The operation of these filters is based on the retention of particles in a filter medium that must be cleaned periodically to guarantee its correct operation. Mesh filters use a stainless steel mesh. Disc filters, on the other hand, use a series of slotted discs, and sand filters use a sand filter media. All these systems have the purpose of retaining the particles.
Automatic irrigation filters have a number of advantages compared to manual filters. Firstly, automatic filters do not require manual intervention for cleaning, since they are cleaned automatically periodically or as required, which reduces maintenance time and costs. In addition, automatic filters are more accurate than manual filters, as they ensure a constant level of filtration and remove particles in real time, which helps prevent clogging in irrigation emitters.
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AUTOMATIC MESH FILTERS
Mesh filters are one of the most common options for filtering irrigation water. This type of filter uses a stainless steel mesh to retain larger particles and prevent them from reaching the irrigation emitters.
When the pressure loss in the sieve reaches a preset value, the filter proceeds to self-clean, a process that lasts a few seconds and without interrupting the downstream flow.
They are modular structures available in different sizes, being possible the individual installation or in batteries according to what the specific need of the client indicates.
The dirty water enters the filter and the pre-filtering chamber and from there to the filtering screen. From there, the clean water passes to the outlet. As they pass through the sieve, the impurities create a filter cake on the inside of the sieve. This produces an upward pressure differential, which ultimately triggers the self-cleaning process upon reaching the preset value on the flush controller.
The filters start the self-cleaning process when the pressure differential across the screen reaches a certain predetermined level. The backwash controller opens the exhaust valve producing a strong backwash focused out of the filter. This focused backwash, performed in front of the nozzles, produces a suction effect that removes accumulated filter cake from the screen surface.
The backwash water then flows through the scanner to a hydraulic rotor and from there to the exhaust valve, causing the suction scanner to rotate. The pressure drop produced in the rotor chamber and the drainage of the piston, pushes the scanner-aspirator in an axial movement. The combination of rotary and axial movements ensures that the suction nozzles cover the entire filter surface.
AUTOMATIC RING FILTERS
This type of filter uses a series of rings with grooves to retain particles and prevent them from clogging the irrigation emitters.
Ring filters are effective in retaining fine particles, such as mud and dust, and are characterized by having a high filtration capacity and a high capacity for mechanical resistance to the pressure differences generated between the inlet and the outlet. filter outlet.
The backwashing process is carried out in one station, while the filtration phase continues in the rest of the equipment, supplying the installation.
The water, when entering the filter, meets the propeller, causing a helical centrifugal movement that moves the particles away from the discs. The depth filtration process is carried out through the discs.
The filtered water is introduced in the opposite direction through the structure of the filter element, decompressing the discs and producing the backwash. The solids are expelled from the discs and evacuated through the drain manifold.
The filtering process starts again with the compression of the disks. The backwash is controlled by a control unit.
AUTOMATIC SAND FILTERS
The third option is sand filters, which use a sand filter media to retain particles and sediment.
The water enters the filter from the top. Filtration is produced by the retention of dirt particles through the effect of its adherence along the bed of sand and throughout its length, finally passing through diffusers located at the bottom that prevent the evacuation of sand.
Self-cleaning is carried out due to pressure loss, produced by the increase in dirt retained in the filter. Cleaning is done by reversing the flow of water, from bottom to top with already filtered water.
The water with the dirt that accumulates when backwashing goes out through the drain valve to the outside.
Sand filters require a larger amount of space and are more expensive than mesh or disc filters, but they are ideal for treating large volumes of water and removing smaller particles.
What should I take into account to choose my automatic filter?
It is important to bear in mind that the choice of the type of filter will depend on the characteristics of the water for irrigation. In general terms, mesh filters are suitable for water with a low sediment load, while ring and sand filters are more suitable for water with a higher load. Prior technical advice is advisable for an adequate choice of your automatic filtering system.
En Mundoriego you can find so much manual filters as automatic filters for your irrigation installation.
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